15+ Significant Sonnet Poems

(15 to start, 125+ to explore)

Sonnets are a classic form of verse that originated in Italy during the 13th century. These poems consist of 14 lines, typically written in iambic pentameter.

There are various sonnets, including the Italian or Petrarchan sonnet and the English or Shakespearean sonnet. The Petrarchan sonnet consists of an octave followed by a sestet, while the Shakespearean sonnet comprises three quatrains and a rhymed couplet.

Sonnets often explore love, beauty, time, and mortality themes, offering a structured and compact canvas for poets to express their emotions and reflections. The constrained form of the sonnet challenges poets to craft precise and lyrical verse, resulting in timeless and evocative poems.

Nationality:
Form:
"> 85/100

Death, be not Proud (Holy Sonnet 10)

by John Donne

Donne’s ‘Death, be not proud,’ rooted in the Christian idea of the afterlife, challenges the personified death, exposing its illusory power.

This poem can be either an Italian (Petrarchan) or an English (Shakespearean) sonnet. It features an octave and sestet division like a Petrarchan sonnet, with the first eight lines (octave) presenting an argument and the final six lines (sestet) offering a response. The turn, or volta, is marked by an intensified attack on death, calling it a slave. The poem's iambic pentameter provides a rhythmic consistency, and its rhyme scheme is ABBAABBA for the octave and CDDCEE for the sestet, showcasing Donne's masterful use of sonnet form.

Death, be not proud, though some have called thee

Mighty and dreadful, for thou are not so;

For those whom thou think'st thou dost overthrow

Die not, poor Death, nor yet canst thou kill me.

#2
PDF Guide
90
Nationality:
Themes:
Emotions:
Topics:
Form:
Genre:
"> 85/100

Night Sweat

by Robert Lowell

Lowell’s ‘Night Sweat’ portrays his struggle with writer’s block and profound distress, finding solace in his wife’s comforting presence.

Lowell uses both the Shakespearean and Petrarchan sonnet forms in ‘Night Sweat.’ The first fourteen lines of the poem resemble the English form and the latter half imitates the Italian form. What is most interesting about this poem is both the forms fused together in a single piece of twenty-eight lines.

Work-table, litter, books and standing lamp,

plain things, my stalled equipment, the old broom---

but I am living in a tidied room,

#3
PDF Guide
67
Nationality:
Themes:
Emotions:
Topics:
Form:
Genre:
"> 84/100

To My Brothers

by John Keats

‘To My Brothers’ by John Keats encapsulates familial love, intellectual camaraderie, and the fleeting beauty of shared moments in life.

‘To My Brothers’ by John Keats stands as a testament to the poet's enduring significance in British literature. While Keats' importance is undeniable, the poem itself shines through its evocative imagery, emotional depth, and exploration of familial love. Its timeless themes and exquisite craftsmanship distinguish it as a standout piece among British poems, captivating readers with its profound resonance and enduring relevance.

Small, busy flames play through the fresh-laid coals,

And their faint cracklings o'er our silence creep

Like whispers of the household gods that keep

A gentle empire o'er fraternal souls.

#4
PDF Guide
76
Nationality:
Themes:
71
Emotions:
Topics:
Form:
"> 80/100

The Tradition

by Jericho Brown

‘The Tradition’ is the titular poem from Pulitzer Prize winner Jericho Brown’s poetry collection. It brings to light the maltreatment of African Americans in the present US, while relating it to the past.

Jericho Brown’s 'The Tradition' adopts the sonnet form, blending its classic structure with modern themes. The controlled fourteen lines emphasize beauty, but also expose painful truths about systemic violence and loss. Brown uses the sonnet’s elegance to create tension, pairing lyrical flow with hard-hitting realities, proving how this timeless form can powerfully frame today’s most urgent conversations.

Aster. Nasturtium. Delphinium. We thought

Fingers in dirt meant it was our dirt, learning

Names in heat, in elements classical

Philosophers said could change us. Star Gazer.

#5
PDF Guide
87
Nationality:
Themes:
Emotions:
Topics:
Form:
"> 77/100

Canal Bank Walk

by Patrick Kavanagh

‘Canal Bank Walk’ explores a spiritual communion with nature, yearning for a pure, unselfconscious connection with the divine.

This poem is a sonnet with 14 lines as is typical of this form of poetry. It has a meditative feel and is about the natural world, typical of sonnets. The poem is not long, meaning that the issues such as spiritual rebirth and change, presented in the poem, are explored intensively, using the sonnet’s meter and rhyme to enhance the emotional message.

Leafy-with-love banks and the green waters of the canal

Pouring redemption for me, that I do

The will of God, wallow in the habitual, the banal,

Grow with nature again as before I grew.

#6
PDF Guide
72
Nationality:
Themes:
Emotions:
Topics:
84
Forms:
Genres:
"> 75/100

Sonnet 107

by William Shakespeare

‘Sonnet 107’ by William Shakespeare addresses how the speaker and the Fair Youth are going to be memorialized and outsmart death through the “poor rhyme” of poetry.

As a traditional sonnet, ‘Sonnet 107’ fits within the broader framework of this 14-line poetic form. The sonnet’s subject matter—love, mortality, and the endurance of poetry—aligns well with the themes often explored in sonnets, particularly those written during the Renaissance. The poem’s turn, or volta, offers a shift in focus that is typical of sonnets, moving from personal reflection to a broader statement about the power of verse.

Not mine own fears, nor the prophetic soul

Of the wide world dreaming on things to come,

Can yet the lease of my true love control,

Supposed as forfeit to a confined doom.

#7
PDF Guide
61
Nationality:
Themes:
Emotions:
Topics:
Form:
Genre:
"> 74/100

Marked With D

by Tony Harrison

‘Marked With D’ by Tony Harrison is a sad poem about mortality and the ways in which human lives are valued. 

This poem is an example of a Meredithian sonnet. This is a sonnet form named for George Meredith and is composed of sixteen lines that can be divided into four-line stanzas and follow an ABAB rhyme scheme.

When the chilled dough of his flesh went in an oven

not unlike those he fuelled all his life,

I thought of his cataracts ablaze with Heaven

#8
PDF Guide
66
Nationality:
Themes:
Emotions:
Topics:
Form:
Genre:
"> 73/100

Delia 31

by Samuel Daniel

‘Delia 31’ by Samuel Daniel highlights how quickly youth and beauty fade, reminding us to value them while we can.

'Delia 31' is a sonnet because it follows a specific structure common to sonnets. It has 14 lines and a particular rhyme pattern. 'Delia 31' follows the English or Shakespearean sonnet style, which consists of three groups of four lines each, followed by two rhyming lines at the end.

Look, Delia, how we 'steem the half-blown rose,

The image of thy blush and summer's honour,

Whilst in her tender green she doth enclose

That pure sweet beauty time bestows upon her.

#9
PDF Guide
70
Nationality:
Themes:
Emotions:
Topics:
88
Form:
Genre:
"> 73/100

Stanzas Written in Dejection, near Naples

by Percy Bysshe Shelley

PB Shelley’s ‘Stanzas Written in Dejection, near Naples’ describes the speaker’s dejection and how nature soothes his mood.

The stanzas of 'Stanzas Written in Dejection, near Naples' mimic the form of Spenserian Sonnets. Notably, like a Spenserian Sonnet, the final lines in each stanza are longer than the rest. However, Shelley departs from the traditional iambic pentameter to iambic tetrameter. Nonetheless, the stanzas follow the rhyme scheme ABAB BCBC C, aligning with the Spenserian Sonnet; mostly, the end rhymes are perfect, but occasionally, the poet has used slant rhymes.

The sun is warm, the sky is clear,

         The waves are dancing fast and bright,

      Blue isles and snowy mountains wear

      The purple noon's transparent might,

#10
PDF Guide
38
Nationality:
Themes:
Emotions:
Topics:
Form:
"> 72/100

Summer of Love

by Joyce Kilmer

‘Summer of Love’ by Joyce Kilmer juxtaposes nature’s beauty with enduring love, celebrating the lasting joy of affection.

This poem is structured as a sonnet, a traditional poetic form that typically consists of 14 lines with a specific rhyme scheme and meter. In this case, it follows the Petrarchan or Italian sonnet form with an octave (the first eight lines) employing ABBAABBA rhyme scheme and a sestet (the last six lines) following an AAAAAA rhyme scheme. This structured format enhances the poem's balance and allows for the exploration of contrasting themes and ideas.

June lavishes sweet-scented loveliness

And sprinkles sunfilled wine on everything;

The very leaves grow drunk with bliss and sing

And every breeze becomes a soft caress.

#11
PDF Guide
Nationality: American
Themes: Death, Love
Emotions: Grief, Pain
Form:
Genre:
"> 71/100

Dreams

by Helen Hunt Jackson

‘Dreams’ by Helen Hunt Jackson exists on the boundary between dream and nightmare as it explores the way in which memories of the past return to us in our sleep no matter how hard we try to forget them.

Mysterious shapes, with wands of joy and pain,

Which seize us unaware in helpless sleep,

And lead us to the houses where we keep

Our secrets hid, well barred by every chain

#12
PDF Guide
69
Nationality:
Themes:
Emotions:
Topics:
60
Form:
"> 71/100

Holy Sonnet XIII

by John Donne

‘Holy Sonnet XIII’ by John Donne is a religious poem that discusses the poet’s mortality and change of opinion when it comes to beauty and the state of his soul. 

As a sonnet, the poem adheres to a famous structured form. This contrasts with its deep emotional and intellectual explorations. This form allows Donne to encapsulate profound themes within a well-known framework.

What if this present were the world's last night ?

Mark in my heart, O soul, where thou dost dwell,

The picture of Christ crucified, and tell

Whether His countenance can thee affright.

 

#13
PDF Guide
66
Themes:
Emotions:
Topics:
Forms:
Genre:
"> 70/100

Don’t Go Far Off

by Pablo Neruda

‘Don’t Go Far Off’ by Pablo Neruda is an impassioned plea for the beloved’s constant presence, showing fear of separation.

Like other sonnets of Neruda, 'Love Sonnet XLV' or 'Don't Go Far Off' written originally in Spanish, is an immaculate sonnet of fourteen lines having two quatrains, i.e., four-line stanzas and two tercets, i.e., three-line stanzas written in iambic pentameter. Ideally, the octave or the first eight lines show the problem as the poem enlists the issues the speaker will face if left alone. The sextet or the last six lines provide the solution with signs of permanency of love and the final condition of the speaker.

Don't go far off, not even for a day, because --

because -- I don't know how to say it: a day is long

and I will be waiting for you, as in an empty station

when the trains are parked off somewhere else, asleep.

#14
PDF Guide
65
Nationality:
Themes:
Emotions:
Topics:
30
Form:
Genre:
"> 70/100

Holy Sonnet 18: Show Me Dear Christ…

by John Donne

In Holy Sonnet XVIII, Donne asks Christ to reveal His Church-as-Bride, probing her truth, form, and role through metaphysical conceits and spiritual doubt.

This is a very good example of a sonnet. The poet often wrote in this form and uses it to great effect. The structure of the poem suits the subject matter, and the rhyming scheme and meter work well within the context of the poem.

Show me dear Christ, thy spouse so bright and clear.

What! is it she which on the other shore

Goes richly painted? or which, robb'd and tore,

Laments and mourns in Germany and here?

#15
PDF Guide
61
Nationality:
Themes:
58
Emotions:
Topics:
Form:
Genre:
"> 70/100

Leda and the Swan

by William Butler Yeats

‘Leda and the Swan’ is a standout sonnet by W.B. Yeats, featured in his 1928 collection, The Tower. The poem explores the Greek myth of Leda, seduced by Zeus as a swan, and is considered one of Yeats’ finest works.

Yeats uses the sonnet form to contain a violent and historical moment inside a small structure. With only fourteen lines, the poem captures a whole chain of events that begin with a single disturbing act. The tight shape of a sonnet makes the moment feel more intense and deliberate. This poem is often praised for how it uses the form to create both pressure and focus, showing that something short can still hold huge meaning.

A sudden blow: the great wings beating still

Above the staggering girl, her thighs caressed

By the dark webs, her nape caught in his bill,

He holds her helpless breast upon his breast.

Access Poetry PDF Guides
for this Poem

Complete Poetry PDF Guide

Perfect Offline Resource

Covers Everything You Need to Know

One-pager 'snapshot' PDF

Great Offline Resource

Gateway to deeper understanding

870+ Reviews

Close the CTA